What defines civil liability?

Civil liability primarily relates to the responsibility individuals or entities have when their actions lead to harm or injury to others, which can encompass a variety of damages, including physical, emotional, and financial. This accountability is distinct from criminal liability and focuses on compensating the injured party rather than punishing the offender. In the context of civil law, if someone causes harm—whether intentional or through negligence—they can be held legally accountable and required to provide restitution to the affected individual. This principle underpins many civil legal cases, where the injured party seeks compensation for their losses.

Thus, the correct answer identifies the essence of civil liability, which is based on the responsibility for actions that cause harm to others.